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I would agree that laying on the surface is a poor option for all the reasons you mention. Also anything which moves cost from investment to maintenance mustbe thought through carefully as maintenance is always the challenge. Jordan's book https://www.developmentbookshelf.com/doi/book/10.3362/9781780443775 gives estimates of how many m/day. Re community contribution, I am unsure but suggest talking to other organisations working in Nepal to see the range then discussing with people involved. Good luck